Sunken courtyards, also known as sunken gardens or sunken patios, are a traditional feature in Japanese and Chinese gardens. These courtyards are lower in elevation compared to the surrounding area and are often designed to create a sense of tranquility and privacy. They may include elements such as water features, rock formations, and plants. In modern architecture, sunken courtyards can be incorporated into residential and commercial spaces to enhance aesthetics and provide a serene environment.