WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation) color gradients are a visual effect in which the color changes gradually across an element, creating a smooth transition between two or more colors. This feature is commonly used for backgrounds, borders, or other UI elements to add visual interest and depth. In WPF, gradients can be defined using the 'GradientBrush' class and various properties like 'GradientStops' and 'GradientType'.