The 'three major components' refer to the three primary colors (red, yellow, blue) in art and design, which are combined to create all other colors. This concept is fundamental in color theory and is used to understand the composition of images. 'Image color' refers to the colors used in an image, which can be analyzed in terms of hue, saturation, and brightness. 'Image' generally refers to a visual representation, such as a photograph or painting.