The effect of a sunken courtyard in a villa

Quick answer：

The sunken courtyard in a villa refers to a garden or courtyard area that is below ground level, creating a sense of seclusion and privacy. This design feature can enhance the aesthetic appeal and functionality of a villa. It often includes elements such as water features, landscaping, and lighting to create a serene and inviting space. The sunken courtyard can also serve as a social hub or a quiet retreat within the home.