Sunken courtyards are a traditional architectural feature in various cultures, often designed to create a sense of seclusion and privacy. They are characterized by a courtyard that is below the level of the surrounding ground, usually surrounded by walls or buildings. This design can enhance privacy, provide a quiet space for relaxation, and offer a visual contrast with the elevated areas of the property. The effect of a sunken courtyard can include a feeling of intimacy, a cooler microclimate, and a visually appealing space that contrasts with the rest of the landscape.