Summarize the characteristics of Japanese Zen rock gardens

Quick answer：

Japanese Zen rock gardens, also known as karesansui, are characterized by their minimalist design. They typically feature raked sand or pebbles to represent water, and a few carefully placed rocks to represent islands or mountains. The gardens emphasize tranquility, simplicity, and the beauty of natural elements, often with no plants or water features. They are intended to evoke a sense of peace and encourage contemplation.