Color matching in pattern design refers to the art of combining colors to create aesthetically pleasing and harmonious compositions. The concept of 'five-color' typically refers to the five main colors in traditional Chinese painting—red, yellow, blue, green, and black. These colors are used to create a wide variety of patterns and designs, often following principles of balance, contrast, and unity. In modern design, the five-color concept can be adapted to include any five colors that are harmonious together.