Microcontroller design for parking lots involves using microcontrollers to manage and automate the parking process. This can include sensor integration for detecting vehicle presence, control systems for managing parking spaces, and communication interfaces for data exchange. Common microcontrollers used include Arduino, ESP32, and STM32. The design may also involve software development for programming the microcontroller to handle tasks such as counting available spaces, displaying information to drivers, and coordinating with access control systems.