To increase the color palette in ID (Adobe Illustrator), you can follow these steps: 1. Open the Swatches panel. 2. Go to the flyout menu and select 'New Swatch.' 3. Choose 'Color' and select the color type (e.g., RGB, CMYK, Grayscale). 4. Define the color and click 'OK.' Repeat these steps to add more colors to your palette.