Design of Vertical Subsurface Flow constructed Wetlands

Quick answer：

Vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands are a type of wetland technology used for wastewater treatment and water purification. They are designed to treat wastewater through a series of layers of soil, sand, and gravel, allowing for the natural processes of biological, physical, and chemical purification. These systems are known for their high efficiency in removing nutrients, organic matter, and pathogens from wastewater, making them suitable for both small-scale and large-scale applications.