Color purity, lightness, and hue

Quick answer：

Color purity, lightness, and hue are fundamental properties of color. Color purity, also known as saturation, refers to the intensity or purity of a color, with higher purity indicating more vivid and less mixed colors. Lightness refers to the brightness or darkness of a color, with higher lightness indicating a lighter color. Hue refers to the dominant wavelength of light perceived, which determines the color category, such as red, green, or blue.