Japanese Zen gardens, also known as rock gardens, are a traditional Japanese landscape design that emphasizes minimalism, harmony, and the natural elements of rocks, water, and trees. They are designed to evoke a sense of tranquility and contemplation. Key features include carefully arranged rocks, often of different sizes and shapes, representing mountains, islands, and water features. The absence of flowers and a focus on natural materials like moss and pebbles contribute to the serene atmosphere.